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Allergy / Original Article
Comparison of extrafine and non-extrafine inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β2-agonists as maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma: a randomized open-label crossover trial
Sang Pyo Lee, Sang Min Lee, Sung-Yoon Kang
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):491-501. Published online April 30, 2025
Background/Aims: Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) remain the cornerstone of anti-inflammatory therapy, targeting both the large and small airways.
Methods: This randomized open-label crossover trial included 30 patients receiving step 3 inhaled medicati..
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Infectious diseases / Original Article
Clinical approach to sexually transmitted infections and pelvic inflammatory disease in women with acute pyelonephritis
Mi-Hee Kim, Hyojin Ahn, Soyeon Kang, Ahra Lee, Seong-Heon Wie
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):482-490. Published online April 30, 2025
Background/Aims: This study aimed to investigate co-occurrence and clinical characteristics of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women hospitalized for acute pyelonephritis (APN).
Methods: This single-center retrospective study reviewed medical records ..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Short-term effects of PCSK-9 inhibitors on percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Dong Hyun Gim, In Young Choi, Young-Jae Ki, Hyun Kuk Kim, Sung Soo Kim, Keun-Ho Park, Heesang Song, Dong-Hyun Choi
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):438-448. Published online April 30, 2025
Background/Aims: Proprotein-converting enzyme subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors act more promptly and efficiently than statins and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to assess the short-term effects of perioperative admi..
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
Endoscopic features of cytomegalovirus disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract between transplant and non-transplant patients
Yuri Kim, Do Hoon Kim, Myeongsook Seo, Hee Kyong Na, Kee Wook Jung, Ji Yong Ahn, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):394-403. Published online March 25, 2025
Background/Aims: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract frequently occurs in immunocompromised patients. However, data regarding UGI CMV disease in non-transplant patients compared with those in transplant recipients are limited. Therefore, we compared the clinical c..
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Hemato-oncology / Review
Follicular lymphoma: contemporary clinical management with a focus on recent therapeutic advances
Robert Kridel
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):371-393. Published online February 21, 2025
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common type of indolent lymphoma, and the prognosis is favorable for most patients. However, FL remains generally incurable, and relapse is common. Patients are at risk of developing treatment-resistant lymphoma, particularly when early disease progression occurs..
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Gastroenterology / Review
Herpes zoster infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Dong Hyun Kim, Sang-Bum Kang
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(3):347-356. Published online April 30, 2025
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ), particularly those receiving immunosuppressive treatments such as corticosteroids, thiopurines, and biologics, which elevate the likelihood of varicella-zoster virus reactivation. Despite this, vaccination ra..
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Nephrology / Original Article
Predicting renal function using fundus photography: role of confounders
Hyun-Woong Park, Hae Ri Kim, Ki Yup Nam, Bum Jun Kim, Taeseen Kang
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):310-320. Published online March 1, 2025
Background/Aims: The kidneys and retina are highly vascularized organs that frequently exhibit shared pathologies, with nephropathy often associated with retinopathy. Previous studies have successfully predicted estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) using fundus photographs. We evaluated the..
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Pulmonology / Original Article
Impact of tracheostomy on clinical outcomes in ventilated patients with severe pneumonia: a propensity-matched cohort study
Hayoung Seong, Hyojin Jang, Wanho Yoo, Saerom Kim, Soo Han Kim, Kwangha Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):286-298. Published online March 1, 2025
Background/Aims: Tracheostomy is a crucial intervention for severe pneumonia patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). However, debate persists regarding the influence of tracheostomy timing and performance on long-term survival outcomes. This study utilized propensity score matching..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Explainable paroxysmal atrial fibrillation diagnosis using an artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram
Yeongbong Jin, Bonggyun Ko, Woojin Chang, Kang-Ho Choi, Ki Hong Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):251-261. Published online February 21, 2025
Background/Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is particularly common among patients with cryptogenic strokes or transient ischemic attacks and has a silent nature. This study aims to develop reliable artifi..
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Nephrology / Review
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its role in attenuating renal fibrosis: a review
Yousuf Abdulkarim Waheed, Wokuheleza Buberwa, Dong Sun
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):219-229. Published online December 13, 2023
Chronic kidney disease is estimated to affect approximately 10 to 15% of the Chinese population. Renal fibrosis is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix deposition in the kidney parenchyma with eventual tissue scarring and inevitable deterioration of renal function. Vascular rarefaction,..
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Gastroenterology / Review
Role of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and local ablative therapy of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Yun Je Song, Jun Kyeong Lim, Jun-Ho Choi
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):170-180. Published online February 25, 2025
Advancements in diagnostic technology have led to the improved detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and thus to an increase in the number of reported cases. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) technology, including in combination with contrast-enhanced harmonic imaging, aids in distinguishi..
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Hemato-oncology / Original Article
Reduced-intensity chemotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitor followed by allogeneic transplantation is effective in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Jung Min Lee, Do Young Kim, Hee Jeong Cho, Joon Ho Moon, Sang Kyun Sohn, Ho Jin Shin, Young Rok Do, Mi Hwa Heo, Min Kyoung Kim, Young Seob Park, Dong Won Baek
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(1):124-134. Published online January 1, 2025
Background/Aims: To determine the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus reduced-intensity therapy in adult patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-positive ALL), this retrospective study compared treatment outcomes and induction..
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Hemato-oncology / Original Article
The characteristics of Korean elderly multiple myeloma patients aged 80 years or over
Sang Hwan Lee, Hee-Jeong Cho, Joon Ho Moon, Ji Yoon Jung, Min Kyoung Kim, Mi Hwa Heo, Young Rok Do, Yunhwi Hwang, Sung Hwa Bae
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(1):115-123. Published online January 1, 2025
Background/Aims: Multiple myeloma (MM) predominantly affects elderly individuals, but studies on older patients with MM are limited. The clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with MM aged 80 years or over were retrospectively analyzed.
Methods: This retrospective multicenter st..
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Cardiology / Review
Screening and diagnosis of atrial fibrillation using wearable devices
Yoon Jung Park, Myung Hwan Bae
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(1):7-14. Published online May 3, 2024
In recent years, the development and use of various devices for the screening of atrial fibrillation (AF) have significantly increased. Such devices include 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmography systems, and single-lead ECG and ECG patches. This review outlines several studies that h..
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Geriatrics / Original Article
A link between systemic low-grade inflammation and frailty in older adults: clinical evidence from a nationwide population-based study
Min-gu Kang, Hee-Won Jung, Beom-Jun Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(6):1011-1020. Published online July 23, 2024
Background/Aims: Despite the possible role of systemic low-grade inflammation on frailty, the majority of previous studies have focused solely on the phenotypic frailty with limited participant numbers, thereby weakening the evidence supporting the notion that circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) co..
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Rheumatology / Original Article
Association between oral health and hyperuricemia in Korean adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2019
Junyong Park, Minkook Son, Sung Won Lee, Won Tae Chung, Sang Yeob Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(6):1001-1010. Published online October 22, 2024
Background/Aims: Hyperuricemia plays an essential role in the gout. Despite the clinical significance of hyperuricemia, a direct relationship between oral health and hyperuricemia has not been established. We aim to investigate the association between oral health and hyperuricemia.
Methods: We sele..
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Nephrology / Original Article
Kidney replacement therapy trends in end-stage kidney disease patients in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic
Ah-Young Kim, Min-Jeong Lee, Heejung Choi, Hankil Lee, Inwhee Park
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(6):967-978. Published online October 24, 2024
Background/Aims: The corona virus disease 2019 posed a major risk for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) cases. Our study aimed to assess changes in kidney replacement therapy (KRT) trends and healthcare access for these patients during the pandemic.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed nationwide dat..
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Nephrology / Review
Kidney transplantation in the elderly
Byung Hwa Park, Song Yi Kil, Ye Na Kim, Ho Sik Shin, Yeonsoon Jung, Hark Rim
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(6):875-881. Published online October 24, 2024
Interest in kidney transplant studies in the elderly population is increasing as more research has been conducted on the immune system. With this review, we hope to encourage the need for research on kidney transplantation in the elderly.
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Infectious diseases / Original Article
Clinical effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 on other nationally notifiable infectious diseases in South Korea
Hyun-Jin Lee, Beom Seuk Hwang, Seong Ho Im, Seog-Kyun Mun, Munyoung Chang
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(5):823-832. Published online August 13, 2024
Background/Aims: This study aimed to assess the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic on nationally notifiable infectious diseases (NNIDs) in South Korea.
Methods: Long-term data on seven NNIDs from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed to identify trends a..
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Nephrology / Original Article
Obesity is associated with incident chronic kidney disease in individuals with normal renal function
Su Hyun Song, Tae Ryom Oh, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Chang Seong Kim, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim, Eun Hui Bae
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(5):813-822. Published online August 13, 2024
Background/Aims: Obesity has known to be a modifiable risk factor associated with worse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but few studies have examined the impact of obesity on CKD incidence in the general population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of body mass index (..
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