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Cardiology / Original Article
Long-term clinical outcome and risk stratification across stages of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in a nationwide cohort
Hyun-Jin Kim, Byung Sik Kim, Hasung Kim, Jungkuk Lee, Ha Hye Jo, Dong Wook Kim, Jeong-Hun Shin, Ki-Chul Sung
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(6):975-989. Published online October 28, 2025
Background/Aims: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a continuum of metabolic, cardiovascular, and kidney dysfunctions. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CKM stages and the risk of adverse composite clinical outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study used da..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with cardiovascular outcomes across cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages
Byung Sik Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim, Shinje Moon, Hasung Kim, Jungkuk Lee, Jeong-Hun Shin
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(6):961-974. Published online October 31, 2025
Background/Aims: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome reflects the interplay between metabolic dysfunction, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance (IR) is a key driver of CKM and is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The triglyceride-glucose (T..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the risk of thyroid cancer: a nationwide cohort study
Jeongmin Lee, Jeongeun Kwak, Min-Hee Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Dong-Jun Lim, Jung Min Lee, Sang-Ah Chang, Hun-Sung Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(5):813-822. Published online August 26, 2025
Background/Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with various metabolic disorders; however, its relationship with thyroid cancer remains unclear. This study investigated the association between MASLD and the risk of thyroid cancer.
Methods: This retros..
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Pulmonology / Original Article
Fatty liver index and development of lung cancer: a nationwide cohort study
Jihye Lim, Bongseong Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jeong Uk Lim
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):275-285. Published online October 22, 2024
Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of steatotic liver disease severity on the cumulative incidence of lung cancer utilizing data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service (NHIS).
Methods: This study examined the risk of lung cancer in the general population in conjuncti..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Sex-specific impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of metabolic syndrome: a comparative study of 2018–2019 and 2020–2021
Kyeong-Hyeon Chun, Hyun-Jin Kim, Dae Ryong Kang, Jang Young Kim, Wonjin Kim, Yong Whi Jeong, Seung Hwan Han, Kwang Kon Koh; on behalf of the Taskforce Team of the Metabolic Syndrome Fact Sheet of the Korean Society of Cardiometabolic Syndrome
Korean J Intern Med. 2025;40(2):262-274. Published online March 1, 2025
Background/Aims: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted global health, exacerbated metabolic health issues, and altered lifestyle behaviors. This study examined the sex-specific impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of metabolic syndrome using data fro..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Estimated pulse wave velocity as a forefront indicator of developing metabolic syndrome in Korean adults
Hyun-Jin Kim, Byung Sik Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Jeong-Hun Shin
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(4):612-624. Published online June 24, 2024
Background/Aims: The predictive value of the estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) for the development of metabolic syndrome has not yet been extensively explored. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating ePWV as a potential predictor of metabolic syndrome development in middle-aged Korean adu..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Metabolic syndrome awareness in the general Korean population: results from a nationwide survey
Hyun-Jin Kim, Mi-Seung Shin, Kyung-Hee Kim, Mi-Hyang Jung, Dong-Hyuk Cho, Ju-Hee Lee, Kwang Kon Koh
Korean J Intern Med. 2024;39(2):272-282. Published online January 30, 2024
Background/Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) raises the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. An awareness of MetS is vital for early detection and proactive management, which can mitigate the risks associated with MetS. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the level of awareness of..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Cumulative exposure to metabolic syndrome increases thyroid cancer risk in young adults: a population-based cohort study
Jinyoung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Mee Kyoung Kim, Ki-Hyun Baek, Ki-Ho Song, Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Korean J Intern Med. 2023;38(4):526-533. Published online May 18, 2023
Background/Aims: A re-increasing trend of thyroid cancer since 2015 has been observed despite a similar examination rate, and the incidence of thyroid cancer among young adults continues to rise.
Methods: This study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Individuals 20–39 year..
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
Long-term effect of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori on the hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes or prediabetes patients
Won Seok Kim, Yonghoon Choi, Nayoung Kim, Seon Hee Lim, Gitark Noh, Ki Wook Kim, Jaehyung Park, Hyeongho Jo, Hyuk Yoon, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Dong Ho Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2022;37(3):579-590. Published online January 7, 2022
Background/Aims: The long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the metabolic syndrome or diabetes are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of H. pylori eradication on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes mellitus (preDM).
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
Risk for metabolic syndrome in the population with visceral fat area measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Han Ho Jeon, Yong Kang Lee, Dong Hyun Kim, Haeyong Pak, Sang Yun Shin, Jeong Hun Seo
Korean J Intern Med. 2021;36(1):97-105. Published online April 29, 2020
Background/Aims: To investigate whether visceral fat area (VFA) measured by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) was associated with metabolic syndrome in subjects with and without obesity.
Methods: A total 23,202 participants who underwent medical check-ups were assessed. Participants were stratif..
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
Association between high fatty liver index and development of colorectal cancer: a nationwide cohort study with 21,592,374 Korean
Yoon Jin Choi, Dong Ho Lee, Kyung-Do Han
Korean J Intern Med. 2020;35(6):1354-1363. Published online April 10, 2020
Background/Aims: In Korea, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased due to a westernized lifestyle. This study investigated whether a high fatty liver index that reflects NAFLD correlates with CRC.
Methods: Data from the National Health Ins..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Predictive costs in medical care for Koreans with metabolic syndrome from 2009 to 2013 based on the National Health Insurance claims dataset
Jeong Seon Yoo, Eun Yeong Choe, Yoo Mee Kim, Se Hwa Kim, Young Jun Won
Korean J Intern Med. 2020;35(4):936-945. Published online August 19, 2019
Background/Aims: Although metabolic syndrome has been associated with increasing medical costs worldwide, there have been no studies using a nationwide and longitudinal South Korean dataset. We investigated trends in subsidized medical costs among Korean adults with metabolic syndrome.
Methods: Thi..
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Rheumatology / Original Article
Metabolic syndrome: prevalence and risk factors in Korean gout patients
Jae Hyun Jung, Gwan Gyu Song, Jong Dae Ji, Young Ho Lee, Jae-Hoon Kim, Young Ho Seo, Sung Jae Choi
Korean J Intern Med. 2018;33(4):815-822. Published online October 12, 2016
Background/Aims: We performed this study to investigate associations between metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and gout.
Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 151 patients with gout at the Department of Rheumatology in Korea University Ansan Hospital. The following measures we..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Prevalence of thyroid nodules and their associated clinical parameters: a large-scale, multicenter-based health checkup study
Jae Hoon Moon, Min Kyung Hyun, Ja Youn Lee, Jung Im Shim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Hoon Sung Choi, Hwa Young Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park, Ka Hee Yi
Korean J Intern Med. 2018;33(4):753-762. Published online July 7, 2017
Background/Aims: We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of thyroid nodules detected by thyroid ultrasound (US) at health checkups and the associated clinical parameters.
Methods: A total of 72,319 subjects who underwent thyroid US at three health checkup centers in Korea from January 2004 ..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Relationship between metabolic syndrome and thyroid nodules in healthy Koreans
Juyoung Shin, Min-Hee Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon, Moo-Il Kang, Bong-Yun Cha, Dong-Jun Lim
Korean J Intern Med. 2016;31(1):98-105. Published online December 28, 2015
Background/Aims: This study evaluated the relationship between thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in apparently healthy Koreans.
Methods: We reviewed the records of 3,298 subjects with no noticeable symptoms who underwent thyroid ultrasound imaging as part of a routine c..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Metabolic syndrome criteria as predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis based on the coronary calcium score
Mi Hae Seo, Eun-Jung Rhee, Se Eun Park, Cheol Young Park, Ki Won Oh, Sung Woo Park, Won-Young Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2015;30(1):73-81. Published online December 30, 2014
Background/Aims: The aim was to determine which of three sets of metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria (International Diabetes Federation [IDF], National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III [ATP III], and European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance [EGIR]) best predicts the c..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Measurement of antioxidant capacity using the biological antioxidant potential test and its role as a predictive marker of metabolic syndrome
Jung Hee Kim, Hyun Wook Baik, Yeong Sook Yoon, Hyo Jee Joung, Ju Sang Park, Sang Jong Park, Eun Jeong Jang, Sang Woon Park, Sang Jung Kim, Mi Jeoung Kim, Dong Ok Jeon, Hyo Jin Cho, Sang Jin Lee, Sung Gyu Im, Sun Kyung Jang
Korean J Intern Med. 2014;29(1):31-39. Published online January 2, 2014
Background/Aims: Oxidative stress increases the risk of cardiovascular complications
of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was conducted to examine the
difference in antioxidant capacity according to the presence of MetS, and to characterize
the association between antioxidant capacity and Me..
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Rheumatology / Original Article
Is the frequency of metabolic syndrome higher in South Korean women with rheumatoid arthritis than in healthy subjects?
Seung-Geun Lee, Ji-Min Kim, Sun-Hee Lee, Kye-Hyung Kim, Ji-Hye Kim, Ji-Won Yi, Woo-Jin Jung, Young-Eun Park, Seong-Hu Park, Joung-Wook Lee, Seung-Hoon Baek, Jun-Hee Lee, Geun-Tae Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2013;28(2):206-215. Published online February 27, 2013
Background/AimsTo compare the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and magnitude of insulin resistance, measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), between South Korean women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy subjects, and to evalua..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Elevated thyroid stimulating hormone levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in euthyroid young women
Jee-Young Oh, Yeon-Ah Sung, Hye Jin Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2013;28(2):180-186. Published online February 27, 2013
Background/AimsThe existence of an association between thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) levels and metabolic derangement in euthyroid subjects is controversial. We examined the association between high normal TSH levels and metabolic syndrome in healthy young wom..
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Original Article
Risk Factors of Cryptogenic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Low Body Mass Index or without Metabolic Syndrome
Hwa Young Song, Hyo Keun Lee, June Sung Lee, Jong Yeon Kim, Yun Hyuk Yim, Tae Jun Song, Won Ki Bae, Nam-Hoon Kim, Kyung-Ah Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2012;27(1):47-52. Published online February 28, 2012
Background/AimsMany patients are diagnosed with cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without metabolic syndrome (MS). We investigated the risk factors for cryptogenic HCC in patients with a low body mass index (BMI) or without MS. MethodsT..
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