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Korean J Intern Med > Volume 36(5); 2021 > Article |
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Characteristic | Total AS patients (n = 215) | Male (n = 163) | Female (n = 52) | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 49.9 ± 10.4 | 49.6 ± 10.8 | 51.0 ± 9.2 | 0.34 | ||
Disease duration, mon | 188.5 ± 212.7 | 182.0 ± 193.3 | 208.9 ± 265.4 | 0.50 | ||
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.5 ± 3.5 | 25.0 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.0 | < 0.01 | ||
Smoking, ever | 142 (66) | 138 (84.7) | 4 (7.7) | < 0.01 | ||
HLA B27 positivity (n = 184) | 174 (94.6) | 132 (97.8) (n = 135) | 42 (85.7) (n = 49) | < 0.01 | ||
History of fracture | 55 (25.6) | 43 (26.4) | 12 (23.1) | 0.64 | ||
Vertebral fracture | 9 (4.2) | 7 (4.3) | 2 (3.8) | 1.00 | ||
Non-vertebral fracture | 47 (21.9) | 37 (22.7) | 10 (19.2) | 0.60 | ||
Family history of AS | 55 (25.6) | 40 (24.5) | 15 (28.8) | 0.54 | ||
Peripheral joint involvement | 34 (15.8) | 21 (12.9) | 13 (25.0) | 0.04 | ||
VAS-global, 10-cm scale | 4.1 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 2.2 | 4.8 ± 2.4 | 0.01 | ||
BASDI | 3.4 ± 1.9 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 3.8 ± 2.1 | 0.15 | ||
BASMI | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 3.2 ± 1.8 | 1.9 ± 1.7 | < 0.01 | ||
mSASSS | 27.9 ± 22.7 | 32.5 ± 23.1 | 13.5 ± 13.7 | < 0.01 | ||
ESR, mm/hr | 19.9 ± 20.7 | 18.2 ± 20.9 | 25.3 ± 19.0 | 0.03 | ||
CRP, mg/dL | 0.4 ± 1.0 | 0.4 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.8 | 0.27 | ||
C-telopeptide, μg/mL (n = 189) | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 (n = 145) | 0.3 ± 0.2 (n = 44) | 0.24 | ||
Osteocalcin, ng/mL (n = 203) | 18.6 ± 6.5 | 18.1 ± 5.4 (n = 153) | 20.1 ± 8.9 (n = 50) | 0.14 | ||
History of medication use | ||||||
NSAIDs | 187 (87.0) | 142 (87.1) | 45 (86.5) | 0.91 | ||
DMARDs | 41 (19.1) | 28 (17.2) | 13 (25.0) | 0.21 | ||
Methotrexate | 18 (8.4) | 12 (7.4) | 6 (11.5) | 0.39 | ||
Sulfasalazine | 31 (14.4) | 20 (12.3) | 11 (21.2) | 0.11 | ||
Glucocorticoidsa | 80 (37.2) | 65 (39.9) | 15 (28.8) | 0.15 | ||
Biologics | 124 (57.7) | 98 (60.1) | 26 (50.0) | 0.20 | ||
Anti-osteoporotic agents | 9 (4.2) | 5 (3.1) | 4 (7.7) | 0.23 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).
AS, ankylosing spondylitis; BMI, body mass index; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; VAS, visual analogue scale; BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; BASMI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index; mSASSS, modified Stoke AS Spine Score; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; C-telopeptide, C-terminal telopeptide; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DMARD, disease modifying antirheumatic drug.
Parameter | Total AS patients (n = 215) | Male (n = 163) | Female (n = 52) | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hip BMD, g/cm2 | ||||||
Femur neck | 0.74 ± 0.13 | 0.76 ± 0.13 | 0.68 ± 0.09 | < 0.01 | ||
Total | 0.87 ± 0.13 | 0.89 ± 0.13 | 0.79 ± 0.10 | < 0.01 | ||
Lumbar spine BMD, g/cm2 | 1.04 ± 0.21 | 1.07 ± 0.21 | 0.92 ± 0.14 | < 0.01 | ||
Lumbar spine BMD (L2–L3), g/cm2 | ||||||
Anteroposterior | 1.04 ± 0.21 | 1.07 ± 0.22 | 0.92 ± 0.14 | < 0.01 | ||
Lateral | 0.62 ± 0.17 | 0.64 ± 0.18 | 0.55 ± 0.12 | < 0.01 | ||
TBS | 1.39 ± 0.10 | 1.37 ± 0.10 | 1.35 ± 0.08 | 0.19 | ||
TBS (L2–L3) | 1.39 ± 0.10 | 1.40 ± 0.11 | 1.36 ± 0.09 | 0.06 | ||
Patients with abnormal bone strengtha | 114 | 83 | 31 | |||
Osteoporosis or osteopeniab | ||||||
Femur neck BMD | 61 (53.5) | 38 (45.8) | 23 (74.2) | < 0.01 | ||
Total hip BMD | 30 (26.3) | 17 (20.5) | 13 (41.9) | 0.02 | ||
Lumbar spine BMD | 32 (28.1) | 15 (18.1) | 17 (54.8) | < 0.01 | ||
Low TBS of lumbar spine (≤ 1.31) | 28 (24.6) | 14 (16.9) | 14 (45.2) | < 0.01 |
Patient |
Hip BMD |
Lumbar spine BMD (L2–L3) |
TBS (L2–L3) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Femoral neck | Anteroposterior | Lateral | ||
Total (n = 215) | 0.200a | 0.187a | 0.402a | 0.009 | –0.182a |
Male (n = 163) | 0.149 | 0.154 | 0.393a | –0.056 | –0.240a |
Female (n = 52) | –0.341b | –0.316b | –0.219 | –0.287b | –0.296b |
Literature review of non-pharmacological treatment for patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Korean treatment recommendations for patients with axial spondyloarthritis2024 January;39(1)
Korean treatment recommendations for patients with axial spondyloarthritis2023 September;38(5)
The efficacy of denosumab in Korean male patients with osteoporosis2022 September;37(5)
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